الأحياء | Biology — مقرر جامعي مجاني
مِسبار · مقرر جامعي مجاني
Biology
تعلم الأحياء (Biology) مجانًا عبر 25 وحدات و275 فيديو تعليميًا، بإجمالي نحو 46 ساعة، ضمن مكتبة مِسبار الجامعية.
Biology is the study of life.
- 25 وحدات.
- 275 فيديو.
- نحو 46 ساعة مشاهدة.
- المستوى: college.
ابدأ مشاهدة المقرر داخل مكتبة مِسبار
التخصصات المرتبطة بالمقرر
- الطب (Medicine)
- الصيدلة (Pharmacy)
- التمريض (Nursing)
- الصحة العامة (Public Health)
- التغذية (Nutrition)
- المختبرات الطبية (Medical Laboratory Sciences)
- الأحياء (Biology)
- الكيمياء (Chemistry)
- تعليم العلوم (Science Education)
وحدات ودروس المقرر
1. Intro to biology
3 فيديو تعليمي.
موضوعات ودروس الوحدة
2. Water, acids, and bases
14 فيديو تعليمي.
موضوعات ودروس الوحدة
- Hydrogen bonding in water
- Water as a solvent
- Capillary action and why we see a meniscus
- Surface tension
- LeBron Asks: Why does sweating cool you down?
- Evaporative cooling
- Heat of vaporization of water and ethanol
- Specific heat of water
- Liquid water denser than solid water (ice)
- Autoionization of water
- Arrhenius acids and bases
- Brønsted–Lowry acids and bases
- Definition of pH
- Introduction to buffers
3. Macromolecules
18 فيديو تعليمي.
موضوعات ودروس الوحدة
- Introduction to carbohydrates
- Molecular structure of glucose
- Dehydration synthesis or a condensation reaction
- Hydrolysis
- Molecular structure of fructose
- Molecular structure of triglycerides (fats)
- Saturated fats, unsaturated fats, and trans fats
- Lipid overview
- Introduction to nucleic acids and nucleotides
- DNA
- DNA replication and RNA transcription and translation
- Molecular structure of DNA
- Antiparallel structure of DNA strands
- Molecular structure of RNA
- Introduction to amino acids
- Peptide bond formation
- Overview of protein structure
- Tertiary structure of proteins
4. Energy and enzymes
19 فيديو تعليمي.
موضوعات ودروس الوحدة
- Introduction to metabolism: Anabolism and catabolism
- Introduction to energy
- First Law of Thermodynamics introduction
- Introduction to entropy
- Second Law of Thermodynamics
- Second Law of Thermodynamics and entropy
- Why heat increases entropy
- Gibbs free energy and spontaneous reactions
- Endergonic, exergonic, exothermic, and endothermic
- ATP: Adenosine triphosphate
- ATP hydrolysis mechanism
- Reaction coupling to create glucose-6-phosphate
- ATP synthase
- Introduction to kinetics
- Enzymes
- Enzyme reaction velocity and pH
- Enzyme cofactors and coenzymes
- Competitive inhibition
- Noncompetitive inhibition
5. Structure of a cell
17 فيديو تعليمي.
موضوعات ودروس الوحدة
- Scale of cells
- Cell theory
- Cell size
- Prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells
- Endosymbiosis theory
- Organelles in eukaryotic cells
- Endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi bodies
- Endomembrane system
- Mitochondria
- The cytoskeleton
- Extracellular matrix
- Plant cell walls
- Overview of animal and plant cells
- Introduction to cilia, flagella and pseudopodia
- Surface area to volume ratio of cells
- Surface area of a box (cuboid)
- Volume of a sphere
6. Membranes and transport
17 فيديو تعليمي.
موضوعات ودروس الوحدة
- Fluid mosaic model of cell membranes
- Cell membrane introduction
- Cell membrane overview and fluid mosaic model
- Cell membrane proteins
- Diffusion - Introduction
- Concentration gradients
- Osmosis
- Water potential example
- Hypotonic, isotonic, and hypertonic solutions (tonicity)
- Diffusion and osmosis
- Passive transport and selective permeability
- Facilitated diffusion
- Sodium potassium pump
- Electrochemical gradients and secondary active transport
- Uniporters, symporters and antiporters
- Endocytosis, phagocytosis, and pinocytosis
- Exocytosis
7. Cellular respiration
12 فيديو تعليمي.
موضوعات ودروس الوحدة
- ATP: Adenosine triphosphate
- ATP hydrolysis mechanism
- Cellular respiration introduction
- Oxidation and reduction review from biological point-of-view
- Oxidation and reduction in cellular respiration
- Overview of cellular respiration
- Overview of glycolysis
- Steps of glycolysis
- Krebs / citric acid cycle
- Oxidative phosphorylation and the electron transport chain
- Lactic acid fermentation
- Alcohol or ethanol fermentation
8. Photosynthesis
12 فيديو تعليمي.
موضوعات ودروس الوحدة
- ATP: Adenosine triphosphate
- ATP hydrolysis mechanism
- Photosynthesis
- Breaking down photosynthesis stages
- Photosynthesis evolution
- Conceptual overview of light dependent reactions
- Light dependent reactions actors
- Photosynthesis: Overview of the light-dependent reactions
- Photosynthesis: Calvin cycle
- Photorespiration
- C4 photosynthesis
- CAM plants
9. Cell signaling
8 فيديو تعليمي.
10. Cell division
14 فيديو تعليمي.
موضوعات ودروس الوحدة
- Fertilization terminology: gametes, zygotes, haploid, diploid
- Zygote differentiating into somatic and germ cells
- Chromosomes, chromatids and chromatin
- Cellular specialization (differentiation)
- Interphase
- Mitosis
- Comparing mitosis and meiosis
- Chromosomal crossover in meiosis I
- Phases of meiosis I
- Phases of meiosis II
- Cell cycle control
- Cancer
- Loss of cell cycle control in cancer
- Apoptosis
11. Classical and molecular genetics
15 فيديو تعليمي.
موضوعات ودروس الوحدة
- Introduction to heredity
- Worked example: Punnett squares
- Pedigrees
- Boveri-Sutton chromosome theory
- Thomas Hunt Morgan and fruit flies
- An introduction to genetic mutations
- Mutagens and carcinogens
- The effects of mutations
- Pedigree for determining probability of exhibiting sex linked recessive trait
- Extranuclear inheritance 1
- DNA
- DNA replication and RNA transcription and translation
- Alleles and genes
- Phenotype plasticity
- Gene environment interaction
12. DNA as the genetic material
11 فيديو تعليمي.
موضوعات ودروس الوحدة
- DNA
- Molecular structure of DNA
- Antiparallel structure of DNA strands
- DNA as the "transforming principle"
- Hershey and Chase: DNA is the genetic material
- The discovery of the double helix structure of DNA
- DNA replication and RNA transcription and translation
- Leading and lagging strands in DNA replication
- Semi-conservative replication
- Speed and precision of DNA replication
- Molecular structure of RNA
13. Central dogma (DNA to RNA to protein)
11 فيديو تعليمي.
موضوعات ودروس الوحدة
- DNA replication and RNA transcription and translation
- Alleles and genes
- Transcription and mRNA processing
- Molecular structure of RNA
- Non-coding RNA (ncRNA)
- Regulation of transcription
- Post-transcriptional regulation
- Translation (mRNA to protein)
- Differences in translation between prokaryotes and eukaryotes
- Retroviruses
- Impact of mutations on translation into amino acids
14. Gene regulation
3 فيديو تعليمي.
موضوعات ودروس الوحدة
15. Biotechnology
5 فيديو تعليمي.
16. Bacteria and archaea
2 فيديو تعليمي.
موضوعات ودروس الوحدة
17. Viruses
1 فيديو تعليمي.
موضوعات ودروس الوحدة
18. Evolution and the tree of life
24 فيديو تعليمي.
موضوعات ودروس الوحدة
- Evidence for evolution
- Molecular evidence for evolutionary relationships examples
- Cellular evidence of common ancestry
- Introduction to evolution and natural selection
- Ape clarification
- Variation in a species
- Molecular variation
- Mutation as a source of variation
- Natural selection and the owl butterfly
- Population diversity and resilience
- Allele frequency
- Hardy-Weinberg equation
- Applying the Hardy-Weinberg equation
- Discussions of conditions for Hardy-Weinberg
- Genetic drift, bottleneck effect, and founder effect
- Taxonomy and the tree of life
- Species
- Speciation
- Reproductive isolation
- Biodiversity and natural selection
- Genetic variation, gene flow, and new species
- Discovering the tree of life
- Understanding and building phylogenetic trees
- Artificial selection and domestication
19. History of life on Earth
12 فيديو تعليمي.
موضوعات ودروس الوحدة
- Earth formation
- Beginnings of life
- Origins of life
- Ozone layer and eukaryotes show up in the Proterozoic eon
- First living things on land clarification
- Biodiversity flourishes in Phanerozoic eon
- Human evolution overview
- Chronometric revolution
- Carbon 14 dating 1
- Carbon 14 dating 2
- Potassium-argon (K-Ar) dating
- K-Ar dating calculation
20. Ecology
24 فيديو تعليمي.
موضوعات ودروس الوحدة
- Ecology introduction
- Life history strategies and fecundity
- Exponential and logistic growth in populations
- Logistic growth versus exponential growth
- Population growth rate based on birth and death rates
- Per capita population growth and exponential growth
- Population regulation
- Predator-prey cycles
- Thomas Malthus and population growth
- Interactions between populations
- Ecosystems and ecological networks
- Introduced species and biodiversity
- Ecological succession
- Ecosystems and biomes
- Flow of energy and matter through ecosystems
- Biogeochemical cycles overview
- The water cycle
- The carbon cycle
- The nitrogen cycle
- Phosphorus cycle
- Eutrophication and dead zones
- How biodiversity is distributed globally
- Why biodiversity is distributed unevenly
- New localities lead to new biodiversity
21. Biodiversity and conservation
19 فيديو تعليمي.
موضوعات ودروس الوحدة
- Ecosystems and ecological networks
- Ecosystem services
- What is a biodiversity hotspot?
- How biodiversity is distributed globally
- Why biodiversity is distributed unevenly
- New localities lead to new biodiversity
- Tropical rainforest diversity
- Simpson's index of diversity
- Human activities that threaten biodiversity
- Introduced species and biodiversity
- How does climate change affect biodiversity?
- Demystifying ocean acidification and biodiversity impacts
- Biodiversity and extinction, then and now
- Conservation and the race to save biodiversity
- Protecting biodiversity: the power of the individual
- Protecting biodiversity: local and global policies
- Genes and biodiversity
- Ecosystem biodiversity
- Discovering the tree of life
22. Behavioral biology
2 فيديو تعليمي.
موضوعات ودروس الوحدة
23. Human biology
23 فيديو تعليمي.
موضوعات ودروس الوحدة
- The lungs and pulmonary system
- Red blood cells
- Circulatory system and the heart
- Hemoglobin
- Anatomy of a neuron
- Electrotonic and action potentials
- Saltatory conduction in neurons
- Neuronal synapses (chemical)
- Overview of the functions of the cerebral cortex
- The kidney and nephron
- Secondary active transport in the nephron
- Myosin and actin
- How tropomyosin and troponin regulate muscle contraction
- Role of the sarcoplasmic reticulum in muscle cells
- Anatomy of a skeletal muscle fiber
- Role of phagocytes in innate or nonspecific immunity
- Types of immune responses: Innate and adaptive, humoral vs. cell-mediated
- B lymphocytes (B cells)
- Professional antigen presenting cells (APC) and MHC II complexes
- Helper T cells
- Cytotoxic T cells and MHC I complexes
- Review of B cells, CD4+ T cells and CD8+ T cells
- Inflammatory response
24. Plant biology
2 فيديو تعليمي.
موضوعات ودروس الوحدة
25. AP free response worked examples
8 فيديو تعليمي.
موضوعات ودروس الوحدة
- 1a-c, Responses to the environment
- 1d-e, Responses to the environment & natural selection
- 2a-b, Cellular respiration & common ancestry
- 2c-d, Cellular respiration & cell compartmentalization and its origins
- 3a-b, Phylogeny
- 4a-b, Meiosis and genetic diversity
- 5a-b, Responses to the environment
- 6a-c, Population ecology
مقررات مرتبطة
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- الإحصاء والاحتمالات | Statistics & probability
- الإحصاء AP | AP®︎ Statistics
- الفيزياء | Physics
- الفيزياء AP 2 | AP®︎ Physics 2
- علم الكون والفلك | Cosmology & astronomy
المصدر والحقوق
المحتوى الأصلي المرخص: أكاديمية خان. تقوم مِسبار بالفهرسة والتنظيم حسب التخصص، وتعرض الفيديوهات المرخصة غير التجارية داخل مكتبة مجانية مستقلة.