الكيمياء العضوية | Organic chemistry — مقرر جامعي مجاني
مِسبار · مقرر جامعي مجاني
Organic chemistry
تعلم الكيمياء العضوية (Organic chemistry) مجانًا عبر 14 وحدات و310 فيديو تعليميًا، بإجمالي نحو 49 ساعة، ضمن مكتبة مِسبار الجامعية.
Sal and Jay cover topics covered in college organic chemistry course. Basic understanding of basic high school or college chemistry assumed (although there is some review).
- 14 وحدات.
- 310 فيديو.
- نحو 49 ساعة مشاهدة.
- المستوى: college.
ابدأ مشاهدة المقرر داخل مكتبة مِسبار
التخصصات المرتبطة بالمقرر
- الهندسة الكيميائية (Chemical Engineering)
- الطب (Medicine)
- الصيدلة (Pharmacy)
- التغذية (Nutrition)
- المختبرات الطبية (Medical Laboratory Sciences)
- الكيمياء (Chemistry)
- الأحياء (Biology)
- تعليم العلوم (Science Education)
وحدات ودروس المقرر
1. Structure and bonding
19 فيديو تعليمي.
موضوعات ودروس الوحدة
- Dot structures I: Single bonds
- Dot structures II: Multiple bonds
- sp³ hybridized orbitals and sigma bonds
- sp² hybridized orbitals and pi bonds
- sp³ hybridization
- Steric number
- sp² hybridization
- sp hybridization
- Worked examples: Finding the hybridization of atoms in organic molecules
- Tetrahedral bond angle proof
- Condensed structures
- Bond-line structures
- Three-dimensional bond-line structures
- Structural (constitutional) isomers
- Electronegativity and bonding
- Molecular polarity
- Intermolecular forces
- Boiling points of organic compounds
- Solubility of organic compounds
2. Resonance and acid-base chemistry
23 فيديو تعليمي.
موضوعات ودروس الوحدة
- Comparing formal charges to oxidation states
- Formal charge on carbon
- Formal charge on nitrogen
- Formal charge on oxygen
- Oxidation states of carbon
- Organic oxidation-reduction reactions
- Resonance structures
- Resonance structure patterns
- Resonance structures for benzene and the phenoxide anion
- Common mistakes when drawing resonance structures
- Resonance structures and hybridization
- Acid-base definitions
- Organic acid-base mechanisms
- Ka and acid strength
- Ka and pKa review
- Using a pKa table
- Using pKa values to predict the position of equilibrium
- Stabilization of a conjugate base: electronegativity
- Acid strength, anion size, and bond energy
- Stabilization of a conjugate base: resonance
- Stabilization of a conjugate base: induction
- Stabilization of a conjugate base: hybridization
- Stabilization of a conjugate base: solvation
3. Alkanes, cycloalkanes, and functional groups
37 فيديو تعليمي.
موضوعات ودروس الوحدة
- Representing structures of organic molecules
- Naming simple alkanes
- Naming alkanes with alkyl groups
- Correction - 2-propylheptane should never be the name!
- Common and systematic naming: iso-, sec-, and tert- prefixes
- Naming alkanes with ethyl groups
- Alkane with isopropyl group
- Organic chemistry naming examples 2
- Organic chemistry naming examples 3
- Naming a cycloalkane
- Naming two isobutyl groups systematically
- Organic chemistry naming examples 4
- Alkane and cycloalkane nomenclature I
- Alkane and cycloalkane nomenclature II
- Alkane and cycloalkane nomenclature III
- Bicyclic compounds
- Naming cubane
- Heats of combustion of alkanes
- Newman projections
- Newman projections 2
- Conformations of ethane
- Conformational analysis of ethane
- Conformational analysis of propane
- Conformational analysis of butane
- Newman projection practice 1
- Newman projection practice 2
- Chair and boat shapes for cyclohexane
- Double Newman diagram for methylcyclohexane
- Stability of cycloalkanes
- Conformations of cyclohexane
- Drawing chair conformations
- Monosubstituted cyclohexane
- Disubstituted cyclohexane
- Polysubstituted cyclohexane
- Functional groups
- More functional groups
- Identifying functional groups
4. Stereochemistry
19 فيديو تعليمي.
موضوعات ودروس الوحدة
- Introduction to chirality
- Chiral examples 1
- Chiral examples 2
- Chiral vs achiral
- Stereoisomers, enantiomers, and chirality centers
- Identifying chirality centers
- Drawing enantiomers
- Cahn-Ingold-Prelog system for naming enantiomers
- R,S system
- R,S (Cahn-Ingold-Prelog) naming system example 2
- R,S system practice
- More R,S practice
- Fischer projection introduction
- Fischer projection practice
- Optical activity
- Optical activity calculations
- Stereoisomers, enantiomers, diastereomers, constitutional isomers and meso compounds
- Enantiomers and diastereomers
- Meso compounds
5. Substitution and elimination reactions
38 فيديو تعليمي.
موضوعات ودروس الوحدة
- Free radical reactions
- Nucleophilicity (nucleophile strength)
- Nucleophilicity vs. basicity
- E2 reactions
- E1 reactions
- Zaitsev's rule
- Comparing E2, E1, Sn2, Sn1 reactions
- E2 E1 Sn2 Sn1 reactions example 2
- E2 E1 Sn2 Sn1 reactions example 3
- Identifying nucleophilic and electrophilic centers
- Curly arrow conventions in organic chemistry
- Intro to organic mechanisms
- Alkyl halide nomenclature and classification
- Sn1 mechanism: kinetics and substrate
- Sn1 mechanism: stereochemistry
- Carbocation stability and rearrangement introduction
- Carbocation rearrangement practice
- Sn1 mechanism: carbocation rearrangement
- Sn1 carbocation rearrangement (advanced)
- Sn2 mechanism: kinetics and substrate
- Sn2 mechanism: stereospecificity
- Sn1 and Sn2: leaving group
- Sn1 vs Sn2: Solvent effects
- Sn1 vs Sn2: Summary
- E1 mechanism: kinetics and substrate
- E1 elimination: regioselectivity
- E1 mechanism: stereoselectivity
- E1 mechanism: carbocations and rearrangements
- E2 mechanism: kinetics and substrate
- E2 mechanism: regioselectivity
- E2 elimination: Stereoselectivity
- E2 elimination: Stereospecificity
- E2 elimination: Substituted cyclohexanes
- Regioselectivity, stereoselectivity, and stereospecificity
- Elimination vs substitution: reagent
- Elimination vs substitution: primary substrate
- Elimination vs substitution: secondary substrate
- Elimination vs substitution: tertiary substrate
6. Alkenes and alkynes
31 فيديو تعليمي.
موضوعات ودروس الوحدة
- Naming alkenes examples
- cis-trans and E-Z naming scheme for alkenes
- Entgegen-Zusammen naming scheme for alkenes examples
- Introduction to reaction mechanisms
- Markovnikov's rule and carbocations
- Addition of water (acid-catalyzed) mechanism
- Polymerization of alkenes with acid
- Alkene structure and classification
- Alkene nomenclature
- Cis–trans isomerism
- E–Z system
- Alkene stability
- Hydrogenation
- Hydrohalogenation
- Hydration
- Hydroboration-oxidation
- Hydroboration-oxidation: Mechanism
- Alkene halogenation
- Halohydrin formation
- Epoxide formation and anti dihydroxylation
- Syn dihydroxylation
- Ozonolysis
- Alkyne nomenclature
- Alkyne acidity and alkylation
- Preparation of alkynes
- Reduction of alkynes
- Hydrohalogenation of alkynes
- Hydration of alkynes
- Hydroboration-oxidation of alkynes
- Halogenation and ozonolysis of alkynes
- Synthesis using alkynes
7. Alcohols, ethers, epoxides, sulfides
28 فيديو تعليمي.
موضوعات ودروس الوحدة
- Alcohols
- Triple bonds cause linear configurations
- Alcohol properties
- Alcohol nomenclature
- Physical properties of alcohols and preparation of alkoxides
- Preparation of alcohols using NaBH4
- Preparation of alcohols using LiAlH4
- Synthesis of alcohols using Grignard reagents I
- Synthesis of alcohols using Grignard reagents II
- Oxidation of alcohols I: Mechanism and oxidation states
- Oxidation of alcohols II: Examples
- Biological redox reactions
- Protection of alcohols
- Preparation of mesylates and tosylates
- SN1 and SN2 reactions of alcohols
- Formation of nitrate esters
- Preparation of alkyl halides from alcohols
- Ether naming and introduction
- Ether nomenclature
- Properties of ethers and crown ethers
- Williamson ether synthesis
- Acidic cleavage of ethers
- Cyclic ethers and epoxide naming
- Nomenclature and preparation of epoxides
- Preparation of epoxides: Stereochemistry
- Ring-opening reactions of epoxides: Strong nucleophiles
- Ring opening reactions of epoxides: Acid-catalyzed
- Preparation of sulfides
8. Conjugated systems and pericyclic reactions
6 فيديو تعليمي.
9. Aromatic compounds
32 فيديو تعليمي.
موضوعات ودروس الوحدة
- Naming benzene derivatives introduction
- Naming benzene derivatives
- Electrophilic aromatic substitution
- Bromination of benzene
- Friedel-Crafts acylation
- Friedel crafts acylation addendum
- Aromatic stability I
- Aromatic stability II
- Aromatic stability III
- Aromatic stability IV
- Aromatic stability V
- Aromatic heterocycles I
- Aromatic heterocycles II
- Electrophilic aromatic substitution mechanism
- Aromatic halogenation
- Nitration
- Sulfonation
- Friedel-Crafts alkylation
- Friedel-Crafts acylation
- Ortho-para directors I
- Ortho-para directors II
- Ortho-para directors III
- Meta directors I
- Meta directors II
- Multiple substituents
- Birch reduction I
- Birch reduction II
- Reactions at the benzylic position
- Synthesis of substituted benzene rings I
- Synthesis of substituted benzene rings II
- Nucleophilic aromatic substitution I
- Nucleophilic aromatic substitution II
10. Aldehydes and ketones
15 فيديو تعليمي.
موضوعات ودروس الوحدة
- Aldehyde introduction
- Ketone naming
- Nomenclature of aldehydes and ketones
- Physical properties of aldehydes and ketones
- Reactivity of aldehydes and ketones
- Formation of hydrates
- Formation of hemiacetals and hemiketals
- Acid and base catalyzed formation of hydrates and hemiacetals
- Formation of acetals
- Acetals as protecting groups and thioacetals
- Formation of imines and enamines
- Formation of oximes and hydrazones
- Addition of carbon nucleophiles to aldehydes and ketones
- Formation of alcohols using hydride reducing agents
- Oxidation of aldehydes using Tollens' reagent
11. Carboxylic acids and derivatives
22 فيديو تعليمي.
موضوعات ودروس الوحدة
- Carboxylic acid introduction
- Carboxylic acid naming
- Fischer esterification
- Acid chloride formation
- Amides, anhydrides, esters, and acyl chlorides
- Relative stability of amides, esters, anhydrides, and acyl chlorides
- Amide formation from acyl chloride
- Carboxylic acid nomenclature and properties
- Reduction of carboxylic acids
- Preparation of acyl (acid) chlorides
- Preparation of acid anhydrides
- Preparation of esters via Fischer esterification
- Preparation of amides using DCC
- Decarboxylation
- Nomenclature and properties of acyl (acid) halides and acid anhydrides
- Nomenclature and properties of esters
- Nomenclature and properties of amides
- Reactivity of carboxylic acid derivatives
- Nucleophilic acyl substitution
- Acid-catalyzed ester hydrolysis
- Acid and base-catalyzed hydrolysis of amides
- Beta-lactam antibiotics
12. Alpha carbon chemistry
11 فيديو تعليمي.
موضوعات ودروس الوحدة
- Keto-enol tautomerization (by Sal)
- Keto-enol tautomerization (by Jay)
- Enolate formation from aldehydes
- Enolate formation from ketones
- Kinetic and thermodynamic enolates
- Aldol reaction
- Aldol condensation
- Mixed (crossed) aldol condensation
- Mixed (crossed) aldol condensation using a lithium enolate
- Retro-aldol and retrosynthesis
- Intramolecular aldol condensation
13. Amines
2 فيديو تعليمي.
موضوعات ودروس الوحدة
14. Spectroscopy
27 فيديو تعليمي.
موضوعات ودروس الوحدة
- Introduction to infrared spectroscopy
- Bonds as springs
- Signal characteristics - wavenumber
- IR spectra for hydrocarbons
- Signal characteristics - intensity
- Signal characteristics - shape
- Symmetric and asymmetric stretching
- IR signals for carbonyl compounds
- IR spectra practice
- UV/Vis spectroscopy
- Absorption in the visible region
- Conjugation and color
- Introduction to proton NMR
- Nuclear shielding
- Chemical equivalence
- Chemical shift
- Electronegativity and chemical shift
- Diamagnetic anisotropy
- Integration
- Spin-spin splitting (coupling)
- Multiplicity: n + 1 rule
- Coupling constant
- Complex splitting
- Hydrogen deficiency index
- Proton NMR practice 1
- Proton NMR practice 2
- Proton NMR practice 3
مقررات مرتبطة
- حساب المثلثات | Trigonometry
- ما قبل التفاضل والتكامل | Precalculus
- الإحصاء والاحتمالات | Statistics & probability
- التفاضل والتكامل AP (AB) | AP®︎ Calculus AB
- التفاضل والتكامل AP (BC) | AP®︎ Calculus BC
- الإحصاء AP | AP®︎ Statistics
المصدر والحقوق
المحتوى الأصلي المرخص: أكاديمية خان. تقوم مِسبار بالفهرسة والتنظيم حسب التخصص، وتعرض الفيديوهات المرخصة غير التجارية داخل مكتبة مجانية مستقلة.